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The Compagnons du Tour de France is a French organization of craftsmen and artisans dating from the Middle Ages. Their traditional, technical education includes taking a tour, the ''Tour de France,'' around France and doing apprenticeships with masters. For a young man or young woman today, the ''compagnonnage'' is a traditional way to learn a trade while developing character by experiencing community life and traveling. The community lives in a ''Compagnon'' house called ''Cayenne'' managed by a ''mère'', a woman acting as a second mother, of which there are more than 80 in France. The houses vary in size from a small house for five people to a larger one with more than 100 people living together. Until recently, the ''compagnons'' were all male. Today, they can be found in 49 countries across five continents, practising many different trades. A similar tradition exists for German ''Wandergesellen'', or journeymen, to set out on the Wanderjahre. ''Tour de France'' simply refers to the fact that they are working in different places in France; every six months to a year they are required to change work locations. This is unrelated to the Tour de France cycling competition. The word ''compagnon'' (companion) is derived from the Old French ''compaignon,'' a person with whom one breaks bread. ==Stages of becoming a compagnon== To start a ''Tour de France'', one is required to already have a ''Certificat d'Aptitude Professionelle'' diploma which includes classes and an apprenticeship. This diploma is the basic French trade qualification. Stagiaire: During the first year of your ''tour de France'',your title is a ''Stagiaire'' (aka ''Compagnon Guest''), full-time work in your trade (M-F), and you are required to live in the ''Compagnon'' house. Lessons are Monday-Friday, from 8am-10pm and Saturday 8am-12pm and 1:30pm–5:30 pm. Dinner is eaten together at the ''siège '' (lodge) of ''Compagnons''. During this period, if you like the ''Compagnon'' life and wish to be part of the family of the ''Compagnons'' you apply for the adoption ceremony. Ceremony of Adoption: You will have to do your ''Travail d'adoption'' which is a project that must be submitted to become an ''Aspirant.'' At this point, you may be ''adopted'' as an ''Aspirant''. Then you receive your ''Aspirant'' name, which is made up from the region or town that s/he comes from in France. For example, somebody from Burgundy, will be called ''Bourguignon''. They are also presented with a ceremonial walking staff (representing the itinerant nature of the organisation) and also a sash. Those ceremonies are between ''Compagnons'' and ''Aspirants'' and are completely confidential. Aspirant: Once you have accomplished the title of an ''Aspirant'', you work full-time in your trade (M-F), and you are still required to live in the ''Compagnon'' house. You have lessons (M-F) 8pm-10pm and Saturday 8am-12pm and 1:30pm–5:30 pm. Dinner is eaten together at the ''siège '' (lodge) of ''Compagnons''. The ''Aspirant'' stays/tours in several towns/cities over the next three to five years, working under ''Compagnons'', to learn the trade. Ceremony of Reception: The ''Reception'' ceremony is held. Ultimately, ''Aspirants'' present their masterpiece ''travail de réception'' or ''Chef-d'œuvre'' to the board of ''Compagnons''. The masterpiece is a required piece which every kind of ''Compagnon'' must complete as an ''Aspirant'' to become a ''Compagnon''. Of course, there are different kinds of masterpieces depending on the trade. If accepted, you may become a ''Compagnon Itinérant'' and receive a ''Compagnon'' name. Furthermore, you are presented with a new walking stick that reaches the height of your heart. Some of these masterpieces are displayed at the ''Musées du Compagnonnage'' in Tours and Paris. Compagnon: During the three years following the ''Reception'', you are called ''Compagnon itinérant'' because you are still required to do 3 more years of touring. After thoses 3 years to the end of your life, you are a ''Compagnon Sedentaire''. You aren't required to tour anymore, and you can live and work anywhere you want. You volunteer yourself to teach the young methods and professionalism. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Compagnons du Tour de France」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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